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Motherboard technology, motherboards includes and Top Manufacturers

Motherboard technology, motherboards includes and Top Manufacturers

A motherboard (alternatively known as the mainboard, main circuit board, system board, baseboard, planar board or logic board, or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds, and allows communication between, many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems such as the central processor, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general purpose use and applications.

Motherboard specifically refers to a PCB with expansion capability and, as the name suggests, this board is often referred to as the "mother" of all components attached to it, which often include peripherals, interface cards, and daughtercards: sound cards, video cards, network cards, hard drives, or other forms of persistent storage; TV tuner cards, cards providing extra USB or FireWire slots and a variety of other custom components.

A motherboard provides the electrical connections by which the other components of the system communicate. Unlike a backplane, it also contains the central processing unit and hosts other subsystems and devices.

A typical desktop computer has its microprocessor, main memory, and other essential components connected to the motherboard. Other components such as external storage, controllers for video display and sound, and peripheral devices may be attached to the motherboard as plug-in cards or via cables; in modern microcomputers it is increasingly common to integrate some of these peripherals into the motherboard itself.

An important component of a motherboard is the microprocessor's supporting chipset, which provides the supporting interfaces between the CPU and the various buses and external components. This chipset determines, to an extent, the features and capabilities of the motherboard.

Modern motherboards include:

  • Sockets(or slots) in which one or moremicroprocessorsmay be installed. In the case of CPUs inball grid arraypackages, such as theVIA C3, the CPU is directly soldered to the motherboard.
  • Memory Slots into which the system's main memory is to be installed, typically in the form ofDIMMmodules containingDRAMchips
  • Achipsetwhich forms an interface between the CPU'sfront-side bus, main memory, and peripheral buses
  • Non-volatile memorychips (usuallyFlash ROMin modern motherboards) containing the system'sfirmwareorBIOS
  • Aclock generatorwhich produces the systemclock signalto synchronize the various components
  • Slots forexpansion cards(the interface to the system via the buses supported by the chipset)
  • Power connectors, which receive electrical power from the computerpower supplyand distribute it to the CPU, chipset, main memory, and expansion cards. As of 2007, somegraphics cards(e.g.GeForce 8andRadeon R600) require more power than the motherboard can provide, and thus dedicated connectors have been introduced to attach them directly to the power supply.
  • Connectors for hard drives, typicallySATAonly.

Bootstrapping using the Basic Input/Output System

Motherboards contain some non-volatile memory to initialize the system and load some startup software, usually an operating system, from some external peripheral device. Microcomputers such as the Apple II and IBM PC used ROM chips mounted in sockets on the motherboard. At power-up, the central processor would load its program counter with the address of the boot ROM and start executing instructions from the ROM. These instructions initialized and tested the system hardware displayed system information on the screen, performed RAM checks, and then loaded an initial program from a peripheral device. If none was available, then the computer would perform tasks from other memory stores or display an error message, depending on the model and design of the computer and the ROM version. For example, both the Apple II and the original IBM PC had Microsoft Cassette BASIC in ROM and would start that if no program could be loaded from disk.

Motherboard technology CPU sockets

A CPU socket (central processing unit) or slot is an electrical component that attaches to a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and is designed to house a CPU (also called a microprocessor). It is a special type of integrated circuit socket designed for very high pin counts. A CPU socket provides many functions, including a physical structure to support the CPU, support for a heat sink, facilitating replacement (as well as reducing cost), and most importantly, forming an electrical interface both with the CPU and the PCB. CPU sockets on the motherboard can most often be found in most desktop and server computers (laptops typically use surface mount CPUs), particularly those based on the Intel x86 architecture. A CPU socket type and motherboard chipset must support the CPU series and speed.


Topmotherboardmanufacturers

  • ASRock
  • Asus
  • Biostar
  • EVGA Corporation
  • Gigabyte Technology
  • MSI (Micro-Star International)

Chipsets for motherboards

  • AMD
  • Redpine Signals
  • Intel
  • Nvidia
  • ServerWorks
  • Silicon Integrated Systems
  • VIA Technologies

TopCPUmanufacturers

  • AMD
  • Intel

Top Hard disk drivemanufacturers

  • Seagate Technology
  • Toshiba
  • Western Digital

Top Drive controller cards / RAID cards

  • 3ware
  • Adaptec
  • Asus
  • Areca Technology
  • ATTO Technology
  • Dell
  • Intel
  • LG
  • LSI
  • PNY
  • Promise Technology
  • StarTech.com

Top Optical disc drives (ODDs)

  • Asus
  • Hitachi-LG Data Storage(HLDS)
  • LG Electronics
  • Panasonic
  • Philips & Lite-on Digital Solutions Corporation
  • Optiarc
  • Pioneer
  • Sony Corporation
  • TEAC
  • Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology

Top Motherboard FAN Manufacturers

  • Aigo
  • Antec
  • Armageddon
  • Be quiet!
  • Corsair
  • Cooler Master
  • Deepcool
  • Delta Electronics
  • Ebm-papst
  • Inventec
  • Minebea(NMB)
  • Nidec
  • Noctua
  • Scythe
  • Thermaltake
  • Zalman

Top Motherboard Video cards (graphics cards) Manufacturers

  • Asus
  • AMD
  • Biostar
  • Chaintech
  • Club 3D
  • Colorful
  • Diamond Multimedia
  • ECS
  • ELSA Technology
  • EVGA Corporation
  • Foxconn
  • Gainward
  • Gigabyte Technology
  • HIS
  • Hercules Computer Technology, Inc.
  • Leadtek
  • Matrox
  • Nvidia
  • MSI
  • Palit
  • PNY
  • Point of View
  • PowerColor
  • S3 Graphics
  • Sapphire Technology
  • SPARKLE
  • XFX
  • Zotac


Published: Sunday, April 26, 2020 Viewed view icon 64 times.

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Quinn Foster (11/6/2024 8:47:17 PM):
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Jennifer (4/27/2020 3:11:19 PM):
Is AMD or Intel faster?
Expert (4/27/2020 3:11:27 PM):

Intel's top CPUs cost more than their AMD counterparts, especially once you add in a decent cooler, but they're often a bit faster in games. AMD meanwhile is able to trounce Intel when it comes to multithreaded applications

Patricia (4/27/2020 3:10:49 PM):
What is a good CPU speed?
Expert (4/27/2020 3:10:56 PM):

A clock speed of 3.5 GHz to 4.0 GHz is generally considered a good clock speed for gaming but it's more important to have good single-thread performance. This means that your CPU does a good job of understanding and completing single tasks. This is not to be confused with having a single-core processor

Charlotte (4/27/2020 3:10:01 PM):
What is a good CPU percentage?
Expert (4/27/2020 3:10:08 PM):

If you're sitting idle, it can be as little as 3%. If you're gaming you can be anywhere between 20 and 80% depending on the game, even spiking up to near 100% at times is sill deemed normal. Now you shouldn't be standing stagnant at +95% for long periods of time, unless for a specific reason

Madison (4/27/2020 3:09:29 PM):
What are the functions of hard disk?
Expert (4/27/2020 3:09:36 PM):

The main function of hard disk is to store data for long term and data can be computer's operating systems, applications, documents, personal files and so on. Now the main thing that need to notice that how much amount of data storage capacity hard drive have and that measured in gigabytes or terabytes.

Abigail (4/27/2020 3:06:39 PM):
What is the best brand of hard drive?
Expert (4/27/2020 3:06:46 PM):

Seagate
The most well-known hard drive brands include Seagate, Western Digital, Toshiba and Hitachi, while others such as Samsung, SanDisk and G-Tech also offer sleek and powerful external storage or solid state drives

Sophia (4/27/2020 3:05:41 PM):
Which type of hard drive is fastest?
Expert (4/27/2020 3:05:55 PM):

Seagate just announced its new 12TB BarraCuda Pro 3.5-inch hard drive, which becomes the world's fastest and highest-capacity desktop hard drive

Margaret (4/27/2020 1:42:51 PM):
How much RAM do I need for gaming?
Expert (4/27/2020 1:43:00 PM):

First, consider the total capacity of memory you're looking for. We recommend a minimum of 16GB for most PCs (it's what we use in our high-end PC build) but it isn't too costly to upgrade to 32GB these days which provide a hefty buffer if you're inclined to multitasking.

Lily (4/27/2020 1:41:10 PM):
How much RAM do I need?
Expert (4/27/2020 1:41:18 PM):

In general, we recommend at least 4GB of RAM and think that most users will do well with 8GB. Choose 16GB or more if you're a power user, if you run today's most demanding games and applications, or if you simply want to make sure you're covered for any future needs.

Joseph (4/27/2020 1:39:47 PM):
Which motherboard is best for gaming?
Expert (4/27/2020 1:40:11 PM):

Top 5 Best Gaming Motherboards
ASRock B450M PRO4 MicroATX Motherboard.
GIGABYTE Z370 AORUS Ultra Gaming Motherboard.
ASUS ROG Strix Z390-I Gaming Mini-ITX Motherboard.
MSI X299 Gaming Pro Carbon ATX Motherboard.
ASUS TUF X299 Mark 1 Motherboard.

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